What is textile color fastness?
Dye fastness of fabrics, also called color fastness, refers to the ability of colored fabrics to resist various external effects without discoloration. In recent years, in the international fabric workwear trade, the requirements for dye fastness have been in addition to In addition to ensuring the quality of the product, we also constantly pay attention to its safety and environmental protection. The national standard requirements for dyeing fastness are water resistance; resistance to dry rubbing and resistance to wet rubbing. The dye fastness required by the EU Ecological Fabric Mark is based on the national standard and adds the dye fastness to sunlight and the dye fastness to perspiration.
Dyeing fastness testing process:
Washing and dyeing fastness: The sample and the standard backing fabric are sewn together, cleaned, washed and dried, and then washed under appropriate temperature, alkalinity, bleaching and friction conditions. Get test results in less time. The friction between them is accomplished through the tumbling and impact of a small liquor ratio and an appropriate number of stainless steel beads. Gray cards are used to grade and the test results are obtained. Different testing methods have different temperature, alkalinity, bleaching and friction conditions and sample sizes. The specific selection should be based on the testing standards and customer requirements. Generally, colors with poor wash fastness include emerald blue, brilliant blue, black red, navy blue, etc.
Dry cleaning dye fastness: The same as water washing dye fastness, except that water washing is changed to dry cleaning.
Friction dyeing fastness: Place the sample on the rubbing fastness meter, rub it with a standard rubbing white cloth under a certain pressure for a certain number of times. Each group of samples needs to be dry rubbed and dyed. Fastness and wet rubbing stain fastness. The color stained on the standard rubbing white cloth is rated with a gray card, and the grade obtained is the measured rubbing fastness. Rubbing dyeing fastness requires two tests, dry rubbing and wet rubbing, and all the colors on the sample must be rubbed.
Sun dyeing fastness: Fabrics are usually exposed to the finish line during use, which can destroy the dye and cause the well-known “fading”, causing the colored fabrics to change color, usually becoming lighter. , darken, and some will also have complete color changes. Therefore, it is necessary to test the dyeing fastness. The sun dyeing fastness test is to put the sample together with blue wool standard cloth of different fastness levels. After sun exposure under specified conditions, compare the sample with the blue wool cloth to evaluate the dyeing fastness. The higher the grade of the blue wool standard cloth, the more resistant it is to dyeing.
Perspiration dyeing fastness: Sew the sample and the standard lining fabric together, put them in the sweat solution, and then clamp them on the perspiration dyeing fastness tester and place them in an oven at a constant temperature. , then dried, graded with a gray card, and the test results were obtained. Different testing methods have different sweat liquid ratios, different sample sizes, and different testing temperatures and times.
Water stain fastness: Test with water-treated samples as above.
Chlorine bleaching dyeing fastness: After washing the fabric in chlorine bleaching liquid under certain conditions, the degree of color change is evaluated. This is the chlorine bleaching dyeing fastness.
Non-chlorine bleaching dyeing fastness: After the fabric is washed under non-chlorine bleaching cleaning conditions, the degree of color change is evaluated. This is the non-chlorine bleaching dyeing fastness.
Press dyeing fastness: After the dry sample is covered with cotton lining fabric, it is pressed for a certain period of time in a heating device with specified temperature and pressure, and then the gray sample card is used to evaluate the sample’s Discoloration and staining of backing fabrics. Hot press dyeing fastness includes dry pressing, moisture pressing and wet pressing. The specific test method should be selected according to different customer requirements and testing standards.
Corresponding standard:
Washed
ISO 105 C06:
1994/Cor.2:2002(E): Fabrics – Tests for dye fastness – Part C06: Dye fastness to household and commercial laundering
BS EN ISO 105-C06:
1997: Fabrics – Dye fastness tests Part C06: Dye fastness to domestic and commercial laundering
Dry Cleaning
ISO105 D01:1993/BS EN
ISO105 D01:1995: Fabrics – Dyeing fastness test – Dyeing fastness to dry cleaning
Water-resistant
ISO 105 E01:
1994/Cor.1:2002(E): Fabrics-Dyeing fastness test Water-resistant dyeing fastness
GB/T 5713:1997: Fabrics-Dyeing fastness test Water-resistant dyeing fastness
Seawater resistant
ISO 105 E02:
1994/Cor.1:2002(E): Fabrics – Dyeing fastness test – Seawater dyeing fastness
GBT 5714:1997: Fabrics Dyeing Fastness Test Seawater Dyeing Fastness
Sweat stains
ISO 105 E04:
1994/Cor.1:2002(E): Fabrics – Dyeing fastness test – Test method for dyeing fastness to perspiration
GBT 3922:1995: Fabrics – Dyeing fastness test – Test method for dyeing fastness to perspiration
Dry heat resistance
ISO 105 P01: 1993: Fabrics – Dyeing fastness test – Dyeing fastness to dry heat (except hot pressing)
BS EN ISO 105-P01:
1995: Fabrics Dyeing Fastness Test Dry Heat Resistance (Except Hot Pressing) Dyeing Fastness
Friction
BS1006 X12:1990: Fabrics Dyeing fastness test Dyeing fastness to rubbing
EN ISO105
GB/T 3920: 2008: Fabrics Dyeing Fastness Test Dyeing Fastness to Rubbing
Heat pressure resistance
BS EN ISO 105 X11:
1996: Fabrics Dyeing Fastness Test Hot Pressing Dyeing Fastness
End
GB/T8427-1998 Fabrics – Fastness to artificial dyeing
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