Various performance tests of automotive flame retardant fabrics

The fabric abrasion resistance test was carried out in accordance with GB/T21196.4-2007 “Determination of fabric abrasion resistance by Maldale method for textiles Part 4: Assessment of appearance changes” to test the abrasion resistance of fabrics. Fabric flat abrasion resistance test standard requirements: The sample size is 30cm×10cm; the YG401C fabric flat abrasion meter is used to test 20 times as one time, repeated 8 times, and the wear resistance of the fabric is indicated by the number of abrasion resistance when the sample is damaged. 2.4 Fabric pilling performance test: GB/T4802.1-2009 “Circular trajectory method for textile fabric pilling test” was used to test the fabric pilling performance. The test method is to compare the fabric with a standard physical sample or its photo under certain lighting conditions after being rubbed with a nylon brush for a specified number of times under soft cushion conditions to evaluate the pilling level.

The fabric tensile strength was tested using GB/T3923.1-2013 “Textile Fabric Tensile Properties Part 1: Determination of Breaking Strength and Breaking Elongation (Strip Method)” to test the fabric tensile strength. The test method is to clamp a portion of the specimen into a clamp and stretch the specimen at a constant elongation rate. The sample size is 30cm×5cm. 3. Results and discussion 3.1 Flame retardant performance The flame retardant performance test results are: the damaged lengths of fabric samples from 1# to 5# are 30.0, 3.1, 18.6, 17.3, and 16.5cm in order. The flame retardant effect can be measured by the damage length. According to GB/T17591-2006 “Flame Retardant Fabrics”, general decorative fabrics only need to reach level B2, that is, the damage length is ≤200mm, the afterburning time is <15s, and the smoldering time is ≤10s. The damage length of ordinary polyester is 30cm and has no flame retardant effect. It can be seen from the test results of 3#, 4#, and 5# samples that as the flame-retardant polyester content increases, the flame-retardant effect becomes better.

However, the price of flame-retardant polyester fiber is twice that of ordinary polyester fiber. From the perspective of cost saving, it is better to choose sample 3#, that is, polyester/flame-retardant polyester 50/50. 3.2 Air permeability test results of different fabrics are shown in 2. The pressure of the samples from 1# to 7# is 200Pa.
2. Fabric breathability test results mm·s-1 item air permeability 1st 2nd 3rd average 1#43.43743.29543.10143.6112#43.18743.8024 3.31643.7683#44.32142. 34644.67243.7804#40.91245.81743.41043.3805#43.91542.907 43.85343.5926 #47.34045.67346.12346.3797 #45.87153.0549 1.12150.013 It can be seen from 2 that different The breathability relationship of fabrics with structural structure is: 7# satin fabric > 6# twill fabric > 1# ~ 5# plain weave fabric. This is because the warp and weft lines of plain weave fabric are intertwined more times, the pores between the yarns are smaller, and the air permeability is also smaller. The gaps between the yarns of perforated fabrics are larger and the air permeability is also greater, but the air permeability of fabrics with different tissues is very close and there is not much difference.

Wear resistance The test results of the wear resistance of different fabrics are shown in 4. 4. The wear resistance test results of the fabric can be seen from 4. The wear resistance of the 3# plain weave fabric is good, because the plain weave has many interlacing points and short floating length. When it is worn flat, , its anti-slip ability is strong, the floating length of the yarn involved in wear is short, and its wear resistance is good. 6# twill fabric is second best, and 7# satin fabric is worse. Pilling performance The test results of the pilling property of fabrics are: 1#~5# are level 5, 6# and 7# are level 4. This result shows that the overall pilling performance of the fabric is better and the difference is not obvious. The pilling phenomenon of polyester fabric is not serious. On the other hand, it can be inferred that polyester fabric has better wear resistance. The wear resistance of 3# plain fabric is better than that of 6# twill and 7# satin fabric. Strong performance The test results of strong performance of different fabrics are shown

Fabric strength performance test results Items Breaking strength/cN Elongation at break/mm Elongation/% Breaking time/s Warp direction Weft direction Warp direction Weft direction Warp direction Weft direction Warp direction Weft direction 1 #1206925472446.824.429.915. 92#232897382938.428.824.418.53#1281947433943.439.027.72 4.74#1261930373037.029.623.719.25#281915433342.832.627.320.186# 034749282827.827.818.720. 37#998731252724.726.717.319.83 shows that the warp tensile strength of the fabric is greater than the weft tensile strength. The tensile breaking strength of 3# plain weave is large, followed by 6# twill and 7# satin weave.

This is because the more intertwining points of yarns in the fabric, the shorter the floating lengths. When stretching, the stretched yarns in the fabric are not stretched.When the yarn is squeezed, the tangential sliding resistance between the warp and weft yarns increases, which helps to improve the strength of the fabric [12]. In summary, it can be seen that the 3# plain polyester/flame-retardant polyester 50/50 flame-retardant ratio sample has good overall performance. Although the air permeability is slightly worse, its resistance, tensile strength and other properties are good, and it can meet the requirements of automobile seat cover fabrics. requirements, it is more suitable for car seat cover fabrics. Therefore, double-layer and three-layer fabrics also use plain fabrics as the basic structure.

Performance of fabrics with different layers. The test results of fabrics with different layers are shown in 4. 4. Test results of fabrics with different layers. Item air permeability/(mm·s-1) flat grinding/secondary breaking strength/cN pilling/ Level 3#43.780110128158#42.016152197259#37.86916420944 It can be seen from 4 that as the number of fabric layers increases, the breathability, wear resistance and breakage become worse. The strength becomes better, but the fuzzing and pilling properties of the three-layer fabric are poor, 8 #The comprehensive properties of fabric such as breathability, wear resistance, breaking strength, and pilling properties are better than those of 3# and 9# fabrics.

(1) Considering the flame retardant performance and cost factors of the fabric, it is better to choose polyester/flame retardant polyester 50/50 fabric. (2) Through testing and comparing different fabric structures and properties, the car seat cover fabric is roughly made of double-layer plain weave fabric, which has good overall performance. Therefore, the optimized design of automobile flame-retardant seat fabric is: polyester/flame-retardant polyester 50/50 double-layer plain fabric. HUPn4biS

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