Research on high flame-retardant polyester aramid sulfone interwoven fabric
Research on high flame retardant polyester aramid sulfone interwoven fabric
In order to prepare highly flame-retardant vehicle interior fabrics, flame-retardant polyester is used as the warp yarn and flame-retardant polyester/aramid sulfone fiber is used as the weft yarn for interweaving; the effect of the aramid sulfone fiber content on the flame retardant and mechanical properties of the fabric is studied, and the polyester, aromatic sulfone fiber is determined. The optimal ratio of sulfonate is 1:1. In order to further improve the flame retardant properties of the fabric, non-ionic water-based polyurethane emulsion, ammonium polyphosphate, melamine, magnesium hydroxide, etc. are used as raw materials, and compounded into a flame retardant coating glue in a certain proportion, and the flame retardant coating in the above optimal ratio is Polyester/arasulfone interwoven fabrics are treated with flame-retardant coatings; the flame-retardant and mechanical properties of the coated fabrics are studied, and the burning process of the fabrics is observed.
The results show that aryl sulfone fiber improves the flame retardant properties of the fabric, but reduces the mechanical properties of the fabric. The maximum limiting oxygen index LOI reaches 27. The flame-retardant coating glue further improves the flame-retardant performance of the fabric. The maximum limiting oxygen index LOI is close to 29.5, and there is no smoke and trace droplets during combustion. Best flame-retardant technology: the warp yarn is made of flame-retardant polyester, the weft yarn is made of aromatic sulfone fiber, the flame-retardant coating glue dosage is 160g/m2, the coating rolling pressure is 0.3MPa, the impregnation time is 0.5h, the pre-baking temperature is 100℃, the time 4min, baking temperature 170℃, time 3min. With the development of technology, people have higher and higher requirements for vehicle interior fabrics, which can be summarized in four aspects: more functionality and comfort; more green, healthy, environmentally friendly and recyclable; higher Security; integrated development and design [1-3].
In addition to the requirements of ordinary seat fabrics, high-speed train seat fabrics also need to have good flame retardancy and mechanical properties. Polyester is favored by automobile manufacturers because of its high strength, high modulus, low moisture regain, poor flammability, and anti-corrosion. Polyester fabrics are dimensionally stable, have good wear resistance, and have excellent UV resistance after special treatment. Therefore, 90% of car seat fabrics currently use polyester fiber, and a small amount of polyamide fiber is used, mainly made into filament, textured yarn, POY and other forms [4-8]. However, the limiting oxygen index of ordinary polyester is only 22%, which is far from meeting the high flame retardant requirements for vehicle interiors. In order to improve the flame retardant and mechanical properties of vehicle interior fabrics, this study uses flame-retardant polyester as warp yarns and polyester/aramid sulfone fiber as weft yarns for interweaving. The effect of aryl sulfone fiber content on the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of interwoven fabrics is studied, and Determine the optimal ratio; in order to further improve the flame retardant properties of the fabric, non-ionic water-based polyurethane emulsion, ammonium polyphosphate, phosphoric acid, etc. are used as raw materials to form a flame-retardant coating glue system. The effect of the amount of glue on the flame retardancy and influence on mechanical properties.
The research on this topic will provide useful reference for the design and performance research of vehicle interior fabrics. 1 Experimental part 1.1 Raw materials and equipment Raw materials: 75tex flame-retardant polyester filament, Jiangsu Kuangda Automotive Fabrics Group Co., Ltd.; 20S/2 aromatic sulfonate fiber, Shanghai Textile Science Research Institute and Shanghai Synthetic Fiber Research Institute; cationic water-based Polyurethane emulsion (chemically pure), Shanghai Siwo Chemical Co., Ltd.; ammonium polyphosphate (chemically pure), Shandong Dongying Jingdong Chemical Co., Ltd.; melamine (chemically pure), Suzhou Shenghong Chemical Co., Ltd.; magnesium hydroxide, Qingdao Rong Tian Chemical Co., Ltd. Instruments and equipment: fully automatic rapier loom (model SU111), produced by Wuxi Zhongyang Mechanical and Electrical Co., Ltd.; fabric tensile strength tester (model YG026C-300), produced by Changzhou Second Textile Machinery Co., Ltd.; scanning electron microscope (SU1510 Type), produced by Japan’s HITACHI Company; electric blast drying oven (Type 101A-4S), produced by Nanjing Wohuan Technology Industrial Co., Ltd.; pneumatic vertical small rolling mill (HD394A), produced by Nantong Hongda Experimental Co., Ltd.
Test content 1.2.1 The flame retardant performance refers to the standard requirements of GB/T 2406-93 “Vertical Combustion Oxygen Index Method for Fabrics” [9], test the limiting oxygen index LOI value of the flame retardant coated fabric, and observe melt droplets and smoke. quantity. Clamp the sample on the sample clamp perpendicularly to the combustion tube, ignite the upper end of the sample in the upward flowing oxygen and nitrogen gas flow, observe its combustion characteristics, and compare its afterburning time or damage length with the specified limit value. By testing a series of samples in different oxygen concentrations, the low oxygen concentration value expressed as the percentage of oxygen during combustion can be measured. 1.2.2 Tensile properties refer to the standard requirements of GB/T 3923.1-1997 “Determination of breaking strength and elongation at break of fabrics (strip method)” [10], and test the warp and weft yarns of flame-retardant coated fabrics. Tensile properties. Clamp both ends of the sample to the jaws of the fabric tensile strength tester, with a gap length of 20mm (because the elongation of the fabric is <75%), and set the tensile speed to 100mm/min and the pre-tension to 0. 5N.
Start the instrument until the cloth sample is damaged, and record its breaking strength and breaking elongation. 1.2.3 SEM scanning electron microscope The SU1510 scanning electron microscope was used to observe the morphology of the burning residue of the fabric before and after the flame retardant coating was finished. 2 SamplePreparation 2.1 Polyester/aramid sulfone flame retardant fabric. The flame-retardant polyester fiber is the warp yarn, and the aramid sulfone fiber and polyester are the weft yarns (ratios are 0:1, 1:1, 2:1, 1:0 respectively), and the plain weave is used. The structure is interwoven on the SU111 fully automatic rapier loom to make polyester/aromatic sulfone flame retardant fabrics for later use. The warp density of the interwoven fabric is 212 threads/10cm, and the weft density is 82 threads/10cm; the weight is approximately 180g/m2. 2.2 Polyester/arylsulfone coated flame retardant fabric 2.2.1 Flame retardant coating glue The components for preparing the flame-retardant coating glue are: 60% nonionic water-based polyurethane, 30% ammonium polyphosphate, 5% melamine, 5% magnesium hydroxide, and a very small amount of thickener.
Add an appropriate amount of ammonium polyphosphate, melamine, and magnesium hydroxide to the water-based polyurethane emulsion, stir evenly, and then add a small amount of thickener to adjust the viscosity of the system to prepare a flame-retardant coating glue suitable for coating. 2.2.2 The coating finishing process of polyester/aromatic sulfone coated flame retardant fabrics is as follows: Step 1, using the two-dip and two-rolling method, fully immerse the fabric in the flame retardant for 0.5h, and the rolling pressure is 0. 3MPa; Step 2, squeeze with a small pad car, repeat 2 times; Step 3, place the fabric impregnated with the flame-retardant coating liquid in the oven, and pre-dry it at 100°C for 4 minutes; Step 4, dry the fabric Bake at 170°C for 3 minutes, take out and cool. bbb9DNE
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