Protein fiber
Protein fiber
Name: casein fiber;caseinfibre
Density 1.29~1.30. The strength is very low, about 0.08~0.1 N/tex (0.8~1 gf/denier). It is stable to acid but unstable to alkali. Lightfastness is similar to wool. It is easier to dye than wool and has poorer soaping (color) fastness. It can be spun purely on wool spinning machines or blended with wool.
Casein fiber is a high-protein fiber made by bionics based on the spinning principle of natural protein fiber of silk. This article analyzes the performance of casein fiber and discusses the key technologies of yarn production and the basic characteristics of fabrics.
1Foreword
Casein fiber, commonly known as milk protein fiber, is a type of regenerated protein fiber. It is made by dewatering, skimming and kneading liquid milk into casein slurry, and then processing it through new wet spinning technology and high-tech means. It is produced by Japan’s Toyobo Company through the graft copolymerization of protein and acrylonitrile, and its trade name is “Chinon”. “Chinon” has the look and feel of silk and is particularly known for its good moisture conductivity and quick-drying properties, making the fabric woven into a comfortable and lightweight fabric.
my country’s rich resources of milk cheese, coupled with the automation of machinery and equipment and the improvement of materials, provide favorable conditions for the development of milk fiber. In recent years, many units across the country have conducted research on short fibers and filaments of various process routes and achieved some results. China Textile University and Shanghai Sangun Group Co., Ltd. cooperated to develop casein fiber and completed qualified laboratory research; Jiangsu Hongdou Industrial Co., Ltd. successfully developed casein silk T-shirts; Shanghai Zhengjia Milk Silk Clothing Co., Ltd. independently developed and developed The “Zhengjia” casein fiber has been determined to be pure milk silk by the Shanghai Entry Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, and the research and development of milk silk fabrics has also been successful.
2 Raw material characteristics of casein fiber
Casein fiber is the third generation of new fiber after natural fiber and second generation synthetic fiber. Its strength is higher than cotton and silk, close to polyester, especially after absorbing moisture, it still maintains a high strength, and its wet strength is much higher than that of silk; its mildew-proof and moth-proof properties are better than wool; it has natural antibacterial properties Function. The protein contained in milk is in harmony with human skin. Clothing made of casein fiber is not only smooth as milk, but also light, soft and breathable. It has a silky feel, soft and elegant luster, and has excellent thermal insulation, moisture conductivity and quick-drying properties. It has the same silky feel as silk, integrating beauty, comfort and convenience. Table 1 lists the physical indicators of casein fiber and common fibers.
Comparing the strength and elongation of casein fiber with commonly used fibers, its strength is only lower than polyester and comparable to silk and acrylic. Its initial modulus is comparable to cotton and silk and higher than acrylic, which is enough to provide yarn strength; fiber elongation Smaller, the dimensional stability of yarn and fabric is good; the moisture regain rate is high.
The nature of casein fiber determines its difficulty in spinning, but as long as the process is reasonably designed and continuously improved in practice, its spinnability can be improved.
The spinning experimental center of Shanghai Shiqi Cotton has developed various yarn products based on fiber characteristics. (1) 14.5rex (40Ne) blended yarn: 10% casein fiber, 20% sheep wool, 30% Lyocell, 40% JC; (2) 18.3tex (32Ne) 100% casein fiber yarn.
The fibers used are 8.3tex (70Ne) cotton top; 1.5D×38mm Loycell fiber; cotton grade 133. Strip mixing is carried out in the drawing process.
The performance indicators of casein fiber are: length 51mm, fineness 1.365dtex, breaking strength 3.15g/dtex, specific resistance 2.35×109Ω?g/cm2, oil content 0.12%, moisture regain 5.0%, Curl rate 8%-10%.
3Configuration of each spinning process
The spinning process configuration of this experiment adopts the blowing and carding processing process.
3.1 Carding process
According to the performance of casein fiber, measures such as increasing oil content and reducing static electricity are adopted. Spray 30% concentration of electrostatic agent and let it sit for 32 hours. After sampling inspection, the physical indicators of the fiber have been greatly improved, which reduces the static electricity of the fiber and has a certain humidity, which brings favorable conditions for the production of subsequent processes. The process is doffer 20r/min, cylinder 300r/min, licker-in 800r/min, cover plate 80mm/win, and the sliver weight is 19.5g/5m.
3.2 Pre-drawing process
The casein fiber slivers are pre-combined before being mixed, fed with 8 slivers, and the draft ratio is 8.12 to improve the flatness of the fiber and reduce quality unevenness, and reduce the quality difference with combed cotton slivers. , to improve the quality of the raw sliver, and the obtained pre-drawn sliver has a quantitative value of 17.38g/5m.
3.3 Mixed drawing process
The head adopts 7 feeding rods, 3 combed cotton rods (14.78g/5m), 4 casein fiber pre-drawing rods (17.38g/5m), and the roller spacing (front × rear) is 12mm × 15mm. The roller pressure (front × middle × rear) is 400kN × 600kN × 440kN, the design draft ratio is 7.96, the front roller speed is 1400r/min, and the sliver quantity is 15.58g/5m; 8 slivers are used for both the second and third mergers. For feeding people, the design draft ratio is 8.2, and the sliver delivery quantity is 15g/5m.
3.4 Roving technology
Due to the poor cohesion of casein fibers, the rollers are more pressurized, so a small-diameter cotton collector should be used to appropriately increase the roving twist coefficient. The design draft multiple is 9.57; the roving twist configuration is 5.31 twist/10cm; the front roller speed is 180r/min; the spindle speed is 700f/min; the roving basis weight is 3.2g/10m.
3.5 Spinning technology
When selecting the number of travellers, it is lower than that of conventional yarn, and the vehicle speed should also be reduced, which can reduce fineness.��Decapitation. Before spinning casein fiber, the drafting channel on the machine must be thoroughly cleaned with alcohol, which can effectively control winding rollers, top rollers and other phenomena to reduce end breakage. The drafting multiple in the back area should be appropriate to reduce the coarse details of the yarn and ensure the quality of the yarn. Double apron weighting arms are used for pressurization. The rollers are pressurized more heavily. The drafting multiple is 47.24, the twist is 86 twists/10em, and the spinning rate is 14 .5tex (40Ne) multi-component blended yarn.
The spinning process of pure casein fiber yarn can refer to the above process, appropriately increase the twist and reduce the draft multiple, so as to complete the production of pure casein fiber yarn.
4 Yarn performance testing and analysis
4.1 Strong elongation performance
Experimental conditions: room temperature 20°C; relative humidity 65%. Experimental instrument: XL-1 yarn tensile tester; test conditions: gauge 500mm, stretching speed 500mm/min.
What is the difference between protein fiber and cellulose
First:
Strictly speaking, the description of the cytoskeleton should be: the cytoskeleton is an important supporting structure in the cell structure, and its main component is protein.
Some textbooks are written as protein fibers, mainly for two reasons: 1. They hope to clearly describe the basic morphological structure of the cytoskeleton; 2. They hope to clearly describe the basic morphology of the protein structure of the cytoskeleton.
However, it is a common sense mistake to express it as protein fibers, which leads to the misunderstanding of many students that the cytoskeleton is composed of fibers.
Because protein and cellulose are two completely different substances. The basic unit of protein is amino acid, while the basic structure of cellulose is glucose.
Therefore, “protein fiber” only describes the fibrous protein structure, not fiber. Strictly speaking, the single expression fiber cannot appear in biological expressions in this form [can be expressed Fibrous], because fiber and cellulose have the same meaning in biology, and there cannot be such a monster as protein fiber.
Cellulose is the main component of the cell walls of higher plants. Animal tissue cells generally do not contain cellulose. [The disease of animal tissue structural fibrosis is not the production of cellulose in cells, but the abnormality of cell structure showing fibrosis lesions similar to fiber structures]
To sum up: If the complete description of the cell structure is clear, I think it should be described in the following way:
Each cell has a special cytoskeleton structure in the cytoplasm, which is an important supporting structure in the cell structure. Its main component is protein in a fibrous structure. fCJ4X2VzT
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